Insulation—How Much is Enough?

A well insulated home not only will save you home, but it is also good for the environment as it uses less energy.

In an average home in a cold climate, it is estimated that by reducing energy usage by only 15% can save the equivalent of 500 pounds of coal every year. In addition, a well sealed, well insulated home can eliminate drafts and cold spots thus creating a more comfortable home for you and your family.

Insulation is measured in R-values, which is the ability to withstand heat transfer. In cold climates, it is recommended to have R-38 in the roof, R-19 in the walls, and R-22 in the floor. For moderate climates, the recommended R-values are R-26 in the roof, R-19 in the walls and R-11 in the floor.

Through there are several forms of insulation the three main types are fiberglass, cellulose, and rigid foam. Fiberglass is available in rolls, and bats, which you install by stuffing between the framing of the house. Insulation stays are used to hold fiberglass in ceilings and crawlspaces.

Cellulose insulation is installed by having it blown in place and works well when you have to install insulation in narrow spaces, and between attic joists. You can usually rent insulation blowers where you buy your insulation. Make sure that you ask the salesperson to demonstrate how the blower works. In addition, ensure that all of the fittings, attachments, and hoses are included.

Rigid foam insulation is available in three types:

Polyisocyanurate, molded expanded polystyrene (MEPS), and extruded polystyrene (EXPS). MEPS is the foam from which coolers are made and has an R-value of R-4 per inch.

EXPS is more commonly used in building and has a hard flat surface. This type of rigid foam has an R-value of R-5 per inch.

Polyisocyanurate is closed-cell foam with an insulating gas trapped within the cells. The R-value is between R-7 and R-8 per inch. However, the R-value will decrease slightly as the gas escapes naturally. It is important that all foam board be covered with drywall in order to meet fire code.

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